Afkhamizadeh M, Aboutorabi R, Ravari H, et al. Topical propolis improves wound healing in patients with diabetic foot ulcer: a randomized controlled trial. Nat Prod Res. 2018;32(17):2096-2099. View abstract.

Pahlavani N, Malekahmadi M, Sedaghat A, et al. Effects of melatonin and propolis supplementation on inflammation, oxidative stress, and clinical outcomes in patients with primary pneumosepsis: a randomized controlled clinical trial. Complement Med Res 2022. View abstract. Davoodi SH, Yousefinejad V, Ghaderi B, et al. Oral propolis, nutritional status and quality of life with chemotherapy for breast cancer: a randomized, double-blind clinical trial. Nutr Cancer 2022;74(6):2029-2037. View abstract.Khalil, M. L. Biological activity of bee propolis in health and disease. Asian Pac.J Cancer Prev. 2006;7(1):22-31. View abstract. When taken by mouth: Propolis is possibly safe when used appropriately. It can cause allergic reactions, especially in people who are allergic to other bee products. Lozenges containing propolis can cause irritation and mouth ulcers. Hossain S, et al. (2022). An overview of the evidence and mechanism of drug-herb interactions between propolis and pharmaceutical drugs.

Oliveira, A. C., Shinobu, C. S., Longhini, R., Franco, S. L., and Svidzinski, T. I. Antifungal activity of propolis extract against yeasts isolated from onychomycosis lesions. Mem.Inst Oswaldo Cruz 2006;101(5):493-497. View abstract. Koo HJ, Lee KR, Kim HS, Lee BM. Detoxification effects of aloe polysaccharide and propolis on the urinary excretion of metabolites in smokers. Food Chem Toxicol. 2019;130:99-108. View abstract.

MULTIPLE PACKS

Propolis has been suggested to have a role in treating certain cancers as well. According to one 2021 study, propolis may: Roy et al. extended pinocembrin and galangin in the rapid synthesis of stable Ag and Au nanoparticles having wide spectrum of fascinating morphologies. Both of these two extracts were found to be extremely efficient in the synthesis of Ag and Au nanoparticles under alkaline condition for a given metal ion precursor; the kinetics of a particle synthesis were remarkably similar in all the cases, as it is evident from the absorption spectra monitored over time [ 19].

Oncag, O., Cogulu, D., Uzel, A., and Sorkun, K. Efficacy of propolis as an intracanal medicament against Enterococcus faecalis. Gen.Dent 2006;54(5):319-322. View abstract. Metzner, J., Bekemeier, H., Paintz, M., and et al. [On the antimicrobial activity of propolis and propolis constituents (author's transl)]. Pharmazie 1979;34(2):97-102. View abstract. Kiani S, Birang R, Jamshidian N. Effect of propolis mouthwash on clinical periodontal parameters in patients with gingivitis: a double-blinded randomized clinical trial. Int J Dent Hyg 2022;20(2):434-440. View abstract.

Usage and Instructions

Research suggests that some of the anti-oxidative effects of propolis may have potential cardiovascular, neurological, and anti-diabetic benefits. Researchers had a hunch that propolis could decrease TH and in turn, lower blood pressure. So they took a bunch of rats and fed them something called nitro-l-arginine methyl ester for 15 days, to produce high blood pressure. They then fed the rats propolis for the last five days. Scientists recently investigated whether Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester, a very powerful compound found in propolis, could halt or reverse osteolytic bone diseases. They discovered that this compound was very effective at suppressing the inflammatory compounds that cause bone diseases and even suggested propolis might be a potential treatment for bone wasting diseases like osteoporosis. Propolis and honey are also antibacterial, which may make them useful as ingredients in dental care products.