CSO – Population and Migration Estimates April 2010" (PDF). September 2010. Archived from the original (PDF) on 20 September 2010 . Retrieved 21 September 2010. Storlazzi, C. D. et al. Most atolls will be uninhabitable by the mid-21st century because of sea-level rise exacerbating wave-driven flooding. Sci. Adv. 4, eaap9741 (2018). P o p u l a t i o n g r o w t h r a t e = P ( t 2 ) − P ( t 1 ) P ( t 1 ) ( t 2 − t 1 ) Population\ growth\ rate={\frac {P(t_{2})-P(t_{1})}{P(t_{1})(t_{2}-t_{1})}} Narayan, S. et al. Synthesising the growing volume of sea-level rise (SLR) science in 2022–2023 using manual assessment and review methods is nearly impossible. Hence, the bibliometric approach is becoming a popular technique to overcome such literature assessment challenges 40, 87. This method allows for a rapid classification of thousands of articles and reliably and consistently captures the breadth of literature related to a specific field 41, 45. Adopting a bibliometric technique enables identifying term co-occurrence patterns, similarity of references between articles, and patterns of co-referencing, providing a comprehensive understanding of the evolution of a field under investigation 69.

Population Forecast to 2060 by International Futures hosted by Google Public Data Explorer" . Retrieved 2011-07-13. Rotzoll, K. & Fletcher, C. H. Assessment of groundwater inundation as a consequence of sea-level rise. Nat. Clim. Change 3, 477–481 (2013).Ciro Pabón y Ciro Pabón, Manual de Urbanismo, Editorial Leyer, Bogotá, 2007, ISBN 978-958-711-296-2

This section describes near-term population changes, up to the year 2050, and long-term population changes, out to the year 2100. World Population Prospects: The 2017 Revision: Key Findings and Advance Tables" (PDF). United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. p.2. Archived (PDF) from the original on June 26, 2019 . Retrieved January 5, 2019. Population growth alongside increased consumption is a driver of environmental concerns, such as biodiversity loss and climate change, [12] [13] due to overexploitation of natural resources for human development. [14] International policy focused on mitigating the impact of human population growth is concentrated in the Sustainable Development Goals which seek to improve the standard of living globally while reducing the impact of society on the environment while advancing human well-being. [ citation needed] Population [15] Years World Population Prospects 2022 , Graphs / Profiles". United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. 2022.

References

Newmark, PA; Sánchez Alvarado, A (2002). "Not your father's planarian: a classic model enters the era of functional genomics". Nat Rev Genet. 3 (3): 210–219. doi: 10.1038/nrg759. PMID 11972158. S2CID 28379017. Notes * Eritrea left Ethiopia in 1991. † Split into the nations of Sudan and South Sudan during 2011. ‡ Japan and the Ryukyu Islands merged in 1972. # India and Sikkim merged in 1975. Population growth 1990–2012 (%) [98] Bamber, J. L., Oppenheimer, M., Kopp, R. E., Aspinall, W. P. & Cooke, R. M. Ice sheet contributions to future sea-level rise from structured expert judgment. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. 116, 11195–11200 (2019). Callaghan, M. W., Minx, J. C. & Forster, P. M. A topography of climate change research. Nat. Clim. Change 10, 118–123 (2020).

The "population growth rate" is the rate at which the number of individuals in a population increases in a given time period, expressed as a fraction of the initial population. Specifically, population growth rate refers to the change in population over a unit time period, often expressed as a percentage of the number of individuals in the population at the beginning of that period. This can be written as the formula, valid for a sufficiently small time interval: a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp bq br bs bt bu bv bw The British Oxford economic atlas of the World 4th edition, ISBN 0-19-894107-2 In summary, different citing articles can potentially contribute to the formation of more than one sub-theme (see Supplementary Fig. S2), whereas the cited references extracted from reference lists of SLR articles can only identify with a single sub-theme. However, these cited references can also have instances of co-citation with references from other sub-themes and the method adopted had considered this concept. In fact, the centrality metric that has been adopted in the analyses is a direct reflection of this aspect (see Supplementary Table S2). By the nature of clustering, each reference identifies with one single sub-theme, but the references that are frequently co-cited with references of other sub-themes (i.e. sub-themes other than the main sub-theme that they have identified with) receive a high score on centrality, highlighting the multidisciplinary nature of the references as well as the analyses. Average growth rate and doubling time of SLR articles Cilluffo, Anthony; Ruiz, Neil (June 17, 2019). "World's Population is Projected to Nearly Stop Growing by the end of the Century". Pew Research Center. A map of the average publication year (i.e. the average publication year of the articles within the dataset that have mentioned that term in their titles or abstracts) indicates that earlier research focused on Cluster (I), whereas recent research focused on Clusters (III) and (IV), and predominantly on Cluster (II) (Fig. 2b). This is consistent with the identified trend of moving from problem identification to solutions. It suggests a shift in the direction of SLR science from understanding the factors that govern sea-level change in the long-term (e.g. variations in the shape of ocean basins and land-sea distribution) towards reliable SLR projections (in the short-term), far-reaching impacts, conservation and restoration of ecosystems, prevention of saltwater intrusion, raising public awareness, and implementing climate mitigation. Overall, the articles within Clusters (III) and (IV) received the largest average number of citations (i.e. citation counts recorded by the Web of Science divided by articles that mentioned those terms) (Fig. 2c), highlighting their broad research significance. Research sub-themes of sea-level rise sciencePopulation projections are attempts to show how the human population statistics might change in the future. [99] These projections are an important input to forecasts of the population's impact on this planet and humanity's future well-being. [100] Models of population growth take trends in human development and apply projections into the future. [101] These models use trend-based-assumptions about how populations will respond to economic, social and technological forces to understand how they will affect fertility and mortality, and thus population growth. [101] a href="http://visualfractions.com/calculator/long-division/what-is-2100-divided-by-4-using-long-division/">What is 2100 Divided by 4 Using Long Division? a b c "World Population Prospects 2022, Standard Projections, Compact File, Estimates tab, Total Population as of 1 January (thousands) column". United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. 2022. O'Sullivan, Jane Nancy (2023). "Demographic Delusions: World Population Growth Is Exceeding Most Projections and Jeopardising Scenarios for Sustainable Futures". World. 4 (3): 545–568. doi: 10.3390/world4030034. {{ cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI ( link)

During the period 2015–2020, the average world fertility rate was 2.5 children per woman, about half the level in 1950–1955 (5 children per woman). In the medium variant, global fertility is projected to decline further to 2.2 in 2045-2050 and to 1.8 in 2095–2100. [22] [23] Mortality [ edit ] From 2020 to 2050, the eight highlighted countries are expected to account for about half of the world's projected population increase: India, Nigeria, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Pakistan, Ethiopia, Tanzania, Egypt, and Indonesia. [5] [6] Population projections of the largest metropolitan areas [ edit ] Gardner, A. S. et al. A Reconciled Estimate of Glacier Contributions to Sea Level Rise: 2003 to 2009. Science 340, 852–857 (2013). Population totale par sexe et âge au 1er janvier 2011, France métropolitaine". INSEE (in French). Government of France . Retrieved 20 January 2011. a b c Roser, Max; Ritchie, Hannah; Ortiz-Ospina, Esteban (2013-05-09). "World Population Growth". Our World in Data.What is 2100 Divided by 4 Using Long Division?. VisualFractions.com. Retrieved from http://visualfractions.com/calculator/long-division/what-is-2100-divided-by-4-using-long-division/. Understanding the absence or presence of citations to a set of cited references of a specific sub-theme can provide insights into its level of activity over time 69 (Fig. 3b–e). The links between sub-themes demonstrate how and when a research sub-theme has been inactive/active or had interactions with other sub-themes, emphasising the evolving network and temporal trends in SLR science. As detailed in Fig. 3b–e, the 10-year snapshots of SLR research activities indicate that some sub-themes persistently grew during the entire period, whereas other sub-themes declined or emerged. For instance, in 1990, “coastal wetlands and estuaries” and “Quaternary sea-level” were the most active research disciplines followed by “pre-Quaternary sea-level”, “earthquakes and abrupt changes”, and “sedimentation and stratigraphy” (Fig. 3b). In 2000, interdisciplinary research formed between the sub-themes “Quaternary sea-level”, “glacial isostatic adjustments and eustatic sea-level changes”, “contemporary saltmarsh-mangrove dynamics”, “coastal wetlands and estuaries”, “geological wetlands dynamics”, and “sedimentation and stratigraphy” (Fig. 3c). In 2010, alternative research sub-themes emerged including “high-end sea-level and ice sheets dynamics”, “coral reefs and atoll islands”, and “vulnerability and adaptation”, whereas direct research activities in “pre-Quaternary sea-level”, “earthquakes and abrupt changes”, and “geological wetlands dynamics” declined (Fig. 3d). In 2020, new research sub-themes emerged as “extreme sea-levels and flood hazards”, “mega deltas”, and “coastal adaptation and resilience”, with the least active research sub-themes remaining similar to 2010 (Fig. 3e). This trend again highlights the emergence and recognition of solution-focused topics associated with SLR risks over time. Alitherm Heritage profiles utilise Smart’s innovative polyamide thermal break technology which creates a barrier between the cold air outside and the warm air inside. This technology significantly reduces thermal transmittance and enhances the overall U Value of a product and is designed to meet the exacting requirements of Document L 2010. Projections of population beyond the year 2050 tend to vary depending on the organization making them because each make their own assumptions of the drivers of population change: fertility, mortality and migration.