Whole Course of Chirurgerie

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Voordat enige operasie op 'n pasiënt uitgevoer kan word, is daar verskeie pre-operatiewe maatreëls wat nagekom moet word. Voorbereiding van die operasie-area en die verlening van toestemming tot die operasie deur die pasiënt self (of ʼn gemagtigde) is van die belangrikste maatreëls. Geskrewe toestemming tot 'n operasie word van die pasiënt self verkry indien hy by sy volle positiewe en bo die ouderdom van 18 jaar is. Indien die pasiënt nie hiertoe in staat is nie, byvoorbeeld weens bewusteloosheid, en ʼn ouer/voog of naasbestaande nie beskikbaar is nie, mag die superintendent van die hospitaal magtiging tot die uitvoering van die operasie verleen. Na voltooiing van elke individuele operasie word gelokaliseerde reiniging gedoen. Stofverwydering binne die operasiesale word slegs met deeglik vermengde ontsmettingsmiddels en met 'n klam lap gedoen. Alle lappe wat vir skoonmaakdoeleindes gebruik word, is vooraf gesteriliseer en word na eenmalige gebruik weggegooi. Die basis van skuimrubberveërs word daagliks na gebruik gewas en na die sentrale sterilisasiedepartemente gestuur, waar dit geoutoklaveer word. John Halle’s writing challenged some of the accepted medical theories of the time, and this did not always sit well with members of the College of Physicians. The writings also attracted the attention of Government and Church. The register of the Company of Stationers of London indicates that his book ‘ Anatomie’ was referred for approval to the bishop of London before publication, a very unusual procedure for a medical book of the time. In addition, medical writers would have been familiar with the fate of the continental physician Michael Servetus who was condemned to death as a heretic following publication of his theory on the circulation of the blood between the heart and lungs, although Servetus’ ideas on religion may have contributed to his ill favour. Halle’s medical publications were forward thinking and innovative but to avoid controversy he sometimes disguised them as new translations of earlier continental works. Because of this his invaluable contribution to medical science and practice has never been fully appreciated. Die pasiënt word na die herstelkamer gebring, waar hy roetinesorg van gespesialiseerde verpleegkundiges ontvang totdat hy sy bewussyn herwin het. Die post-operatiewe sorg van die pasiënt word na sy terugkeer in die saal voortgesit. Waarneming van sy toestand en die funksionering van enige apparaat soos dreineringsbuise, intraveneuse oorgietings en monitors waaraan hy gekoppel kan wees, word streng gekontroleer. Noukeurige waarnemings duur voort totdat verseker is dat alle vitale tekens gestabiliseer en na normaal teruggekeer het. Termenul de chirurgie se poate referi și la locul în care se efectuează operațiile chirurgicale sau la biroul medicului chirurg.

Hierdie verpleegkundige, wat gewoonlik in operasiesaalverpleegkunde opgelei is, plaas die benodigde instrument met 'n klapgeluid in die chirurg se oopgestrekte hand, wat veroorsaak dat hy die instrument refleksief kan raakvat sonder om van die operasiewond af op te kyk. Die verpleegkundige is ook verantwoordelik vir take soos die gereelde tel van instrumente en deppers en die vervanging van skalpellemme. Die narkotiseur is nie net verantwoordelik vir die toediening en instandhouding van narkose aan die pasiënt nie, maar hy moet ook die pasiënt se algemene toestand tydens die operasie waarneem en die chirurg waarsku wanneer die pasiënt tekens toon dat hy die operasie nie bevredigend verduur nie. Chirurgia include: asigurarea accesului chirurgical (incizia pielii sau mucoasei), tratamentul chirurgical al unui organ și restaurarea integrității țesuturilor perturbate în timpul intervenției chirurgicale.Voordat enige vloeistowwe of vog wat tydens die operasie in 'n suigapparaatopgevang is, weggegooi kan word, moet 5% Hycolin daarby gevoeg word en die vloeistof moet toegelaat word om vir 30 minute te staan voor dit weggegooi word. Die kledingstukke van personeel wat gemoeid is met die skoonmaak van die operasiesaal word na die afhandeling van die skoonmaakprosedure gesteriliseer. Die lugvoorsiening mag geensins onderbreek word in geval van 'n operasiesaal wat gekontamineer - of steriel- is nie. Indien 'n brand in 'n operasiesaal sou ontstaan, word die lugvoorsiening afgesluit om te verhoed dat die brand versprei. Ander post-operatiewe versorging soos posisionering van die pasiënt en die toediening van post-operatiewe medikasies, byvoorbeeld pynstillende middels, geskied op voorskrif van die chirurg en die narkotiseur. John Halle, or John Hall of Maidstone, was a surgeon in Maidstone during the 16 th Century and a recognised poet. Today he is largely forgotten. There seems to be virtually no traces of his presence left in Maidstone, but at the time he was influential in his advocacy for improvements in surgery along with a Maidstone man from the earlier generation, Thomas Vicary, who became the King’s surgeon to Henry VIII. He was also a published poet and keenly interested in religious subjects as well as a commentator on contemporary habits. In 1566 he published a volume called : ‘The Court of Virtue containing many Holy or Speretua l Songs, Sonnettes, Psalmes, Ballets and Short Sentences as well of Holy Scripture as others with Music Notes.” His poetic works are said to have been influenced by the diplomat and poet at Henry VII’s court, Thomas Wyatt the Elder (1503-1542) who was born at Allington Castle near Maidstone and is credited with popularising the sonnet. Schwartz. Principiile chirurgiei / Shires, Spencer, Daly Fischer, Galloway. Volumul 1 și 2. Seventh Edition / Prima ediție în limba română. Editura Teora, București 2005 This is a 1636 reprint of the revised 1633 edition, edited by Thomas Johnson (c. 1600-44). Johnson's edition was an almost entirely new work. Heincluded 800 new plant speciesand replaced Gerard's illustrations, which were often mislabelled or were found in other works, with more than 2,500 newly-commissionedwoodcuts. They have been later hand-coloured in this copy. The frontispiece was engraved by John Payne (d. 1648). The Royal Arms of Charles I are stamped onto the book's covers.

Inițial o subspecialitate a chirurgiei generale, astăzi o specialitate de sine stătătoare care efectuează tratamentul afecțiunilor chirurgicale specifice vârstei copilăriei. Majoritatea patologiei pentru care are adresabilitate sunt cele corespunzătoare vârstelor de 0-14/16 ani. During his apprenticeship to London Surgeon John Bankes John Halle spent some time in prison in Maidstone for supporting the uprising commonly known as the Wyatt rebellion. The uprising originated in the opposition to the marriage of Queen Mary to the Catholic King Philip of Spain and the fear of Catholic influence. Thomas Wyatt the Younger (1521? – 1554), the son of Wyatt the Elder and Elizabeth Brook, was the leader of the failed rebellion in Kent in 1554. We can gather from his participation that John Halle was firmly in favour of the Protestant cause. He was later released but not pardoned and continued to complete his seven-year apprenticeship before returning to practice in Maidstone. In his early days in Maidstone he was not readily accepted by the local community partly due to a tardiness in his adjustment from the style of a London to a provincial practice. London was a greater seat of wealth and culture than the provincial town of Maidstone. The practices in London tended to be small, but earn lucrative fees, and in London surgeons were allowed to collaborate on a case-by-case basis and share the fee, but only with fellow members of the Company of Surgeons, this practice would exclude locally trained surgeons in Maidstone. The fees he charged are also likely to have been higher than the fees of locals. During this time, he wrote his work aiming to expose the risks of dependence on the ministrations of unqualified and often deceitful practitioners. It was called: ‘ A Historical Expostulation against the Beastlye Abusers both of Chyrurgerie and Physik in ours Times’. This included a section on the locally born itinerant surgeon/physician/astrologer/palmister and soothsayer called Thomas Lufkyn, initially a fuller by trade from Fulling Mills at Grove in the parish of Boxley. Chirurgia colorectală reprezintă un procent important din activitatea chirurgicală de la SANADOR. În departamentul de Chirurgie generală sunt tratate: Fielding C, 2018. John Halle of Maidstone: Radical Poet, Anatomist and Surgeon in Tudor England. A copy can be found at the Wellcome Collection: https://wellcomecollection.org/works/qmwujbvz

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Na sterilisasie word dit droog geberg totdat dit weer gebruik word. Alle gesteriliseerde apparaat word in 'n stofvrye vertrek sonder vensters geberg. Die bergplek word weekliks skoongemaak, alle pakke word geroteer en vervaldatums word nagegaan. Wat operasiesaalbesprekings betref, word daar gepoog om toe te sien dat alle nie-besmette gevalle voor besmette gevalle gehanteer word; die graad van besmetting word in ag geneem. Alle septiese gevalle word laaste gehanteer.

Voordat enige personeellid die binnedeel van die operasie-eenheid binnegaan, moet hy hom eers verklee en skoon katoenklere aantrek. Hoewel die klere nie steriel is nie, is dit stofvry. Spesiale katoen- of gomlastiekskoene word aangetrek. By pasiënte onder die voorgeskrewe ouderdom moet enige van die ouers, voog of eggenoot toestemming verleen. Indien toestemming geweier word en die chirurg die operasie as lewensnoodsaaklik beskou, mag toestemming (in loco parentis) deur die mediese superintendent van die hospitaal, 'n landdros van die distrik of die Minister van Gesondheid gegee word. Voorbereiding van die operasiearea sluit prosedures in soos die skeer van die vel-area en aseptiese reiniging van die area. Ander onmiddellike preoperatiewe sorg is die toediening van premedikasie soos dit deur die narkotiseur voorgeskryf is. Alle kunsledemate, kunsgebit, juwele, naelpolitoer en grimering moet verwyder word. a b Makary MA, Segev DL, Pronovost PJ, et al. (iunie 2010). „Frailty as a predictor of surgical in older patients”. J. Am. Coll. Surg. 210 (6): 901–8. doi: 10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2010.01.028. PMID 20510798. Sumar pentru neinițiați ( 28 decembrie 2010). Ca ramură a medicinei, chirurgia reprezintă poate cea mai veche intervenție directă asupra unei boli care nu implică credințe magico-religioase la omul primitiv. La civilizațiile primitive, s-au găsit dovezi de proceduri de amputație, trepanare și intervenții dentare (7000-5000 î.Hr). [2] În cadrul evoluției disciplinei chirurgicale a apărut chirurgia generală ca urmare a desprinderii neurochirurgiei, chirurgiei plastice, chirurgiei pediatrice, chirurgiei toracice, chirurgiei cardiace, chirurgiei vasculare, chirurgiei de transplant, traumatologiei, ortopediei, chirurgiei maxilo-faciale, chirurgiei oncologice, otorinolaringologiei și urologiei, care în zilele noastre sunt discipline medicale distincte. [3] Formarea medicilor chirurgi [ modificare | modificare sursă ]This is the most famous of British herbals, first published in 1597 with text and illustrations combined from many sources. Half of the text was dedicated to plants found by Gerard growing wild in the English countryside, 180 of which had never been described in print before. Chirurgia generală are ca metode operative diferite abordări, caracterizate prin o foarte mare diversitate de tehnică chirurgicală, instrumentar extrem de variat cu diferite variante specifice și necesități tehnice uneori peste dotarea obișnuită a unei clinici ori unui spital. De aceea există centre de competență pentru diferite patologii ori centre specifice pentru tratamentul unei afecțiuni. Operasies word in spesiaal ontwerpte operasiesale en onder streng steriele omstandighede uitgevoer. Die ontwerp en beplanning van 'n operasiesaal is ʼn deskundige proses en moet sodanig wees dat dit optimale benutting en doeltreffendheid verseker. Faktore soos eenrigtingvloei van verkeer na en van die operasiesaal, steriele en onsteriele areas, praktiese uitleg van alle vertrekke wat deel uitmaak van die hele operasie-eenheid en toekomstige uitbreiding moet in ag geneem word. o antecameră pentru staționarea bolnavilor înainte de intervenția chirurgicală și pentru administrarea pre-anesteziei;