Symbols of Government (Harbinger Books)

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Royal Decree 2964/1981, of 18 December, making public the official model for the Coat of Arms of Spain (OSG No. 221, of 15 September)

Also in the 19th century, most countries of South America introduced a flag as they became independent ( Peru in 1820, Bolivia in 1851, Colombia in 1860, Brazil in 1822, etc.)While it’s not necessarily a symbol of rebellion in the same way that the anarchy symbol or the raised fist is, it’s been used as a tool of resistance and rebellion in various contexts. Three drafters (Dr. Franklin, Mr. Adams, and Mr. Jefferson) of the Declaration of Independence, in 1776, were made into a committee to create a Seal for the United States of America. They needed an emblem and a coat of arms to display the sovereignty and freedom of people of the United States. After six years and two more committees, the Great Seal of the United States was finalized on June 20th, 1782.

Trees have played a meaningful role in the historical development of Canada and continue to be of commercial, environmental and aesthetic importance. Maples contribute valuable wood products and sustain the maple sugar industry. The national anthem Royal Decree 1543/1997, of 3 October, on the acquisition by the State of the rights to use certain musical works and the assignment of their administration to the Ministry of Education and Culture (OSG No. 233, of 29 September 1998)When a national flag is displayed together with the national flags of other countries, all the flags should be of approximately equal size [ citation needed] and must be flown at an equal height, although the national flag of the host country should be flown in the position of honour (in the centre of an odd number of flagpoles or at the far right — left from an observer's point of view — of an even number of flagpoles). The bell became a symbol of freedom during the American Revolution when it was adopted by abolitionists fighting for the end of slavery. It was also used as a symbol of unity during the Civil Rights Movement of the 1960s.

In practice, many countries (such as the United States and the United Kingdom) have identical flags for these three purposes; national flag is sometimes used as a vexillological term to refer to such a three-purpose flag ( ). In a number of countries, however, and notably those in Latin America, there is a distinct difference between civil and state flags. In most cases, the civil flag is a simplified version of the state flag, with the difference often being the presence of a coat of arms on the state flag that is absent from the civil flag.

The Coat of Arms

Before having students work with the documents in this primary source set, you may find it useful to print Pursuant to Article 4.1 of the Spanish Constitution of 1978, "the Spanish National Flag consists of three horizontal stripes - red, yellow and red, each red stripe being half the width of the central yellow stripe". Subsequently, the Instructions on Navy ensigns, flags, honours and salutes, of 13 March 1867 once again explicitly describes the flag to be used by ships, arsenals and maritime plazas.